roccoschili Page 615
Page 615
Given that Khrushchev and the top leaders of the Soviet Communist Party clearly stated that they want to promote nuclear disarmament, they must not be willing to give China the key data of the atomic bomb. Therefore, Tang Hua asked the scientists who went to the Sino-Soviet academic exchange to simply not ask for it, otherwise they would be rejected. Everyone Awkward.
……
Tang Hua: "The thing about nuclear weapons is actually what I have said before. It is not that the more countries with nuclear weapons, the worse it is, but that big countries of the same weight should have the same amount of weapons. Small countries with nuclear weapons are a threat to world security; big countries The absence of nuclear weapons is also a threat to world security. China is developing its own nuclear weapons precisely for its own security and the security of the world.”
Kurchatov: "We had a conversation two years ago, I still remember it. Yes, the world has changed forever because of the nuclear tests, but if the nuclear weapons exploded not on a deserted test site but on a human In big cities, the world will change even more."
Tang Hua: "Academician Kurchatov, so, have you decided?"
Kurchatov: "Of course. Otherwise the seven of us wouldn't be here for the barbecue."
Landau: "It's eight people. I am also a participant in the atomic bomb program."
Kurchatov: "Landau, you've only been here for three days."
……
Tang Hua: "China obtained all state parameters of uranium fission from the 542 reactor, including key data such as neutron content. A small amount of plutonium was extracted from the fuel rods of the 542 reactor, which is less than the critical mass of plutonium fission, but it can Observe its neutron concentration. The detonation technology of explosives has also accumulated to a certain extent, and this is what we have in hand now."
Kurchatov: "Both China and the Soviet Union are socialist countries. In my opinion, it is enough to invent the atomic bomb once. China does not need to 'invent the atomic bomb again'. This kind of work is too boring. ... This is our private Communication has nothing to do with the country."
Tang Hua pulled the cart with two layers of wine bottles over: "Wine, brandy, vodka, let's make sure that each person has a bottle before we start chatting."
Chapter 181, your plutonium bomb plan is correct and does not need to be modified
Dawarich, the Plutonium Bomb One scheme needs no modification at all, it is correct. "
The mug in Alexandrov's hand had already bottomed out. He put down the drawing, grabbed a bottle of Moldovan brandy on the table and poured half a glass, "Just build this thing, put it on the stand and detonate it, booooom !The equivalent is absolutely accurate, because the calculation of the utilization ratio of nuclear materials is also correct."
Tang Hua brought four document bags, which contained four copies of the atomic bomb design drawings and outlines that Qian Sanqiang and the others worked out.It is to omit the part process and processing diagram, and only describe the core structure.
After the party started, a group of people passed around the four documents while eating and drinking. Tang Hua asked them to help the staff to see if there was any problem with these designs.
Aleksandrov thought for a while and continued: "For the implosion uranium bomb plan, you must have used a wrong formula in your calculations. If this nuclear bomb is manufactured, its equivalent may not be 2.5 tons but 3000 to 4000 tons. Ton, this would probably be counted as a failed experiment, if you use the same criteria as the Soviet Union."
Tang Hua: "Then how should I modify it?"
Kurchatov: "How about we write the correct parameters for the implosion uranium bomb on there?"
Tang Hua opened his eyes wide: "Is it the parameters of your Soviet Union's own implosion uranium bomb?"
"Yes, I know a part, and Sakharov knows a part, but the part that Sakharov knows must also be known to Academician Kapitsa, right! Kapitsa?"
……
Didn't Tang Hua reach out and ask these nuclear physicists for blueprints? This is too shameful.Besides, Qian Sanqiang and the others have made some research achievements in the past few years. They have summarized their achievements in recent months and brought four blueprints, and asked comrades from the Soviet Union to help review and review whether there are design errors.This kind of help can be regarded as the "correcting homework" method.
Kurchatov glanced at the design drawing of the marksmanship uranium bomb and threw it aside, directly suggesting that China should not test the marksmanship uranium bomb.
After analyzing the design drawing of the implosion-type uranium bomb, they concluded that there was a serious calculation error, using the wrong formula, and the equivalent dropped sharply.
The blueprint for Plutonium Bomb No. [-] is believed to be correct by several people.
Plutonium Bomb No. [-] is a smaller explosive device than Plutonium Bomb No. [-]. Seeing this design, several people said that the miniaturization of the Soviet Union’s plutonium bomb was not done this way. As for whether the miniaturization method of Plutonium Bomb No. [-] is correct, Because a lot of calculations are required, no conclusion can be drawn for the time being, but it can be determined that the calculation formula should be correct.
"There is indeed more than one way to miniaturize a nuclear device, but your plutonium-two project is not downsized enough," Kurchatov said. "Maybe it is correct, but I still recommend that you abandon it."
Tang Hua can only listen now, and cannot communicate with them in depth... It would be nice if Qian Sanqiang and Deng Jia were present first, but it is not appropriate for the aerospace technology cooperation to bring them to Moscow.This is what Dean Nesmeyanov said after arriving in Moscow. He felt that the Soviet Academy of Sciences was not particularly opposed to this matter, so he decided to organize a barbecue party.
Tang Hua took the roasted pig brains with tin foil from the grill, and Fleurov and Landau consciously stepped back to a distance of three meters away from Tang Hua. Tang Hua asked them if they wanted some, and they quickly got a negative answer. , Tang Hua found a spoon and ate it himself.
Kurchatov and Kapitsa alone found a pencil and wrote on the drawing of the imploding plutonium bomb.
"The handwriting is so small, I am worried whether I can take a clear picture of the words when I shoot the microfilm at night." Tang Hua said.
Kapitsa: "You don't worry too much. When you return to China, your luggage will definitely not be searched. Microfilming is completely unnecessary."
Tang Hua: "Although it is a diplomatic delegation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs has the authority to inspect it, right?"
"Theoretically, there is authority, but this time there will be no inspection. This is... let's just put it this way, it is tacit approval." Kurchatov said, "This order did not come from General Secretary Khrushchev, but it was Someone from the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU."
……
"According to the news in the newspaper, you conducted 3 nuclear tests in March alone. This year is a year of great development of the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons." Tang Hua planned to talk about the current progress of the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons.
Kurchatov: "That was only March, we only had a few nuclear tests in January and February, none in April... I am afraid that the United States will have more nuclear tests this year."
Tang Hua: "Last year, the United States also made great progress in ballistic missiles. They will test various nuclear warheads for their future intercontinental missiles. While the peaceful space race is under way, the United States has never slowed down its development of nuclear weapons."
"That's why I said that before. The earth was blown up by us," Kurchatov said helplessly.
Tang Hua: "Let's pray that all countries conduct underground nuclear tests as soon as possible... Is Academician Sakharov busy with work?"
Although he has serious pacifist tendencies, Sakharov was the chief designer of the Soviet hydrogen bomb. After the Soviet Union's first hydrogen bomb test was successful, he continued to design improved hydrogen bombs, including bombers and missiles.Because of this, Sakharov lived in seclusion and did not participate in the Black Sea barbecue party this time.
Aleksandrov: "Sakharov is busy with work. Something he's designing...we don't even want to talk about it, it could be a bomb from hell."
Tang Hua: "In the development of hydrogen bombs, instead of increasing the yield, it is better to try multiple miniaturized hydrogen bombs to cover the target."
Kurchatov: "How did you guess that Sakharov was developing a giant hydrogen bomb..."
……
In 1956, the Soviet Union figured out the design skills of hydrogen bombs and began to develop various fancy hydrogen bombs.Since the equivalent of the hydrogen bomb can be infinitely large, let's try how big the hydrogen bomb can be.
Sakharov and the KB-11 Bureau received the task letter this year.The Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union asked the design bureau to discuss whether the hydrogen bomb equivalent could reach 3000 million tons.Sakharov used a few months to do some calculations, and believed that the improvement on the basis of the RDS-37 hydrogen bomb could completely achieve this equivalent.
This is RDS-202, it is not the Tsar nuclear bomb, it is the little Tsar.
The 3000 million tons required by the Council of Ministers is nothing, and the equivalent of RDS-202 is 3800 million tons.In order to achieve this abnormal equivalent, the secondary of the hydrogen bomb must be filled with a lot of fusion materials.In order to allow the fusion material to fully react and release energy, RDS-202 uses two atomic bombs as detonators, one for the head and one for the tail, and the fusion material is sandwiched between the two atomic bombs.
This structure was later inherited by the Tsar nuclear bomb - AN-602.So RDS-202 is the little czar, and AN-602 is the big czar.
It is now 1958, and Sakharov should have finished all the drawings of RDS-202, and is making the first sample bomb.However, after the first sample bomb was manufactured, a particularly nonsensical incident occurred: Khrushchev announced the cessation of nuclear testing on January 1959, 1, in order to show his sincerity for nuclear disarmament.
So the number of Soviet nuclear tests in 1959 and 1960 was zero.
At the end of 1960, Khrushchev found that the United States had no sincerity in nuclear disarmament, so he quit, and resumed nuclear testing in 1961.At this time, Khrushchev felt that the 3800-megaton nuclear bomb was not enough, so get me a bigger one!Sakharov said yes, I have been thinking about the blueprint of the new nuclear bomb for the past two years. Look, this is the nuclear bomb AN-602 with a yield of [-] million tons!
This is 1.5 million tons equivalent!
……
"The biggest difference between a fusion bomb and a fission bomb is that its yield can be extremely large, or there is no upper limit to its yield," Tang Hua answered Kurchatov's question, "Americans are obsessed with millions of Ton-level hydrogen bombs, you probably won't be able to resist this temptation."
Fleorov: "The [-]-million-ton hydrogen bomb has a strong deterrent effect on enemy countries."
Tang Hua: "But under normal circumstances, nuclear strikes are launched to destroy surface targets, and in a few cases it is used to destroy underground targets. When destroying surface targets, the area of overpressure formed by multiple medium-yield hydrogen bombs is larger."
When Tang Hua said it, these nuclear experts would naturally understand it quickly.