roccoschili Page 363
Page 363
"Minister Li, your deduction is indeed correct. The prisoners of our army they repatriated were mixed with many national troops."
In the barracks where the review was temporarily staying, Xu Liqing, deputy director of the General Cadre Management Department of the Military Commission, told Li Kenong.
"In the second half of last year, we exchanged the number of captives on hand with the United Nations side at the Huachuan negotiation table. They reported nearly 3000 people, and Zhisi and I began to doubt it." Li Kenong said, "We can see that their roster is not correct. Don’t be suspicious. Some of the captured personnel’s comrades-in-arms on the list have clearly verified that this person should have been shot and died. One or two may be considered an exception, but after our investigation, there are actually more than 50 such people! After more than a year, these comrades-in-arms thought that people who had nine deaths or ten deaths but none would appear in the roster in large numbers, which is not right."
Xu Liqing: "That's why Minister Li thought that the Americans might use the information of our sacrificed soldiers to cheat and pour water into the captured people. And they also found signs of the military commander's involvement in this matter, which is even more obvious. The national army is going to There are enemy agents in it."
Li Kenong: "Most importantly, our suspicion was fully confirmed two weeks ago, because we found a complete plan from the archives of the Taiwan National Army's intelligence agency."
During this period, the identity certificates of the People's Liberation Army and the Volunteer Army are extremely simple, and it is not difficult to fake them. It will definitely reveal the truth if you return to the country and ask the old army to identify people, but collect the names and numbers of the volunteer soldiers who died, and list them on the negotiating table. , which cannot be proven.
The national army actively responded to Clark's request and sent 1000 people to South Korea at once, and Clark finally used 800 people.
The fake POW operation had three purposes.The first is to let the United Nations army make up the number, and the second is the idea proposed by Chiang Kai-shek. Let these fake prisoners of war be released and returned to the country to gather together to launch a mutiny. Of course, the mutiny cannot be successful, but it can be used to plant "China kills its own captives who have returned to the country." .
The third purpose is that among this batch of fake prisoners of war, 16 of them are not general pretenders, but real military agents.The volunteer status they took was also carefully selected, and there was a high probability that they would not reveal their secrets.These agents did not mutiny on the spot, on the contrary, they must actively cooperate with our army to defeat the mutiny of the national army's miscellaneous soldiers on the spot.
Chapter 80, providing [-] computers per year
Soviet Union, Ural Artillery Proving Ground.
A mixed crowd of Chinese and Soviets stood on the edge of the artillery testing ground, and many held binoculars in their hands to look at the target area two kilometers away.
The Chinese visitors came from the Ministry of Foreign Trade, the Northeast Branch of the General Administration of Ordnance Industry, and Dalian Jianxin Company.The Soviet personnel came from the Soviet Artillery Staff Department, the People's Commissar for Foreign Trade, and the General Machine Manufacturing Department (one of the nine major defense industries of the Soviet Union).
“我们1951年向你们申请援助一批BM-31-12大口径火箭炮，同时大连建新公司开始仿制BM-31所用的300毫米火箭弹。此前我们仿制过它的火箭发动机，所以高爆弹头的火箭弹很快就试制出来了。”
Before the shooting range test, the chief engineer of the rocket launcher branch of Dalian Jianxin Company introduced the development and equipment overview of the cloud bomb to the Soviet side.
"The production line of high-explosive rockets is being organized. Minister Tang of the Ministry of Heavy Industry issued a new task. Dalian immediately formed a confidential research and development team, led by Director Liu himself. The result of the research and development team is the fuel air we are going to test today. Ammunition - cloud bomb."
While chatting, four BM-500-4 rocket launchers were ready 31 meters behind the left of the observation team at the test site.Immediately after the operator heard the command from the radio, he pressed the launch button.
It only took a dozen seconds to draw dozens of traces of white smoke from the rocket launcher to the sky in the target area.Then—a scene familiar to Dalian Jianxin’s engineers—a light flashed in the center of the target area.A few seconds after the flash, everyone in the observation team felt a gust of wind rushing towards their faces, and a mushroom cloud rose slowly in the target area.
"I feel the overpressure effect." Colonel Gavrila of the Soviet Artillery Staff Department used his face to estimate the power of the cloud bomb, but it was obviously not accurate enough.So he turned around and asked the testers at the shooting range what the overpressure values were at 100 meters, 500 meters, 1 kilometer, and 2 kilometers.
"...a very impressive number." Gavrila obtained the overpressure data, and he also knew the total amount of ammunition projected by the rocket launcher before, "In terms of creating overpressure and destructive power, the power of this ammunition is at least TNT Three to five times that. What's it called? ... Exploding clouds? Awesome."
……
The convoy of the observation team drove near the epicenter, and buildings of various specifications collapsed or were damaged.There are also trucks, jeeps, tanks, and armored vehicles nearby. Except for the tanks, these props are either overturned or displaced.
From the center of explosion to the outside, 8 of the 7 pigs locked in cages at different distances died.The pig at the center of the explosion was burnt, the 3 pigs closer to the center of the explosion were crushed, and the 3 dead pigs farther away appeared to be in good condition. It seemed that they died of internal injuries.
"Because it must be used in war as soon as possible, the focus of all our work is on the cloud bomb warhead of the 300mm caliber rocket." The chief engineer said, "but the cloud bomb warhead can be used not only for rockets. In At the beginning of this year, the 500kg and 1000kg cloud bombs used for bombers also passed the test. I remember sending a batch to the front line in Fujian, but I don’t know if they participated in the Taiwan campaign. Rockets, aerial bombs, artillery shells, missiles and even Portable rocket launchers can theoretically use cloud bomb warheads."
"The purpose of the original development of the BM-31 rocket launcher is to project a large amount of ammunition at a short distance, destroying cities or complex field fortifications, and the cloud bombs further develop and increase the advantages of this weapon." Gavrila said, "BM The -31 must be equipped with cloud-explosive bombs, and the BM-31 equipped by the Soviet army should set the first bomb type as cloud-explosive bombs, and the second bomb type as high-explosive bombs."
"According to the spirit of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, and our relevant departments have also issued instructions that can be exported, so the two sides can now discuss the issue of cloud bombs." Wang Wenbo, director of the Ministry of Foreign Trade, said.
"According to the information we learned before and the results of our pre-communication two days ago, we only need to purchase the patent license for the cloud bomb, right?"
Wang Wenbo: "Yes."
For an industrial country that is proficient in manufacturing guns and ammunition, cloud bombs do not have a high technical threshold. They belong to the category of being pregnant at a glance. At most, there are differences in some minor details.For example, the United States took a look at North Korea, and a few months later imitated the Cloud Explosion Bomb—it was that they did not find the best charge of ethylene oxide, and used a mixture of n-butane and isopentane, which was slightly more powerful. Weaker.
Therefore, the best export of cloud bombs is patent authorization.If the finished products are forced to be exported, the Soviet army may buy two batches at the beginning, but then they will imitate them by themselves.On the contrary, selling patents can make Yunbobo continue to earn income, which is more cost-effective.
Speaking of patents...the Soviet Union really had an invention patent law, the first edition of which was published in 1919.The current patent law is the "Regulations on Inventions and Technological Improvements" promulgated in 1931 and revised in 1941.Except for the implementation of the dual-track system of inventor certificate and patent certificate, the main spirit of this regulation is similar to that of Western patent laws.
……
In the first half of 1953, two major events had a major impact on Sino-Soviet relations: the end of the Korean War, the beginning of the Taiwan Campaign, and the end of the Taiwan Campaign.
Since 1951, the Soviet Union has been talking about the medium and short-range air defense missiles. With the signing of the armistice agreement, the 112B factory and the Beijing Computer Institute are finally free to implement them.
"We have plans for the next step of the development of the Hongqi-1/2 missile system, and today we are discussing with all Soviet comrades and planning how to realize it."
In the Shenyang Planning Commission, Huang Zhiqian, chief engineer of 112B, held a joint meeting with Soviet experts.
"For the development of low-to-medium-altitude and medium-to-short-range air defense missiles, we are now planning for the next generation and the next generation."
"The next-generation missile system is called Hongqi-4. Compared with Hongqi-1/2, we plan to improve the following:"
"[-]. Generalization of the launch system. A set of launch vehicles and fire control command vehicles can be used for both the standard version and the booster-extended range missile. The main work of the group is to develop a new compatible fire control computer and a new rotation and pitching system. launch tower."
“二、提升导弹性能。现在红旗-1的射程是8.5公里，红旗-2的射程是20公里，红旗-4导弹系统，我们希望基准版也就是近程防空导弹的射程达到12~13公里，助推増程版的射程不小于25公里。”
"Third, while the performance is improved, it is required that the size and weight of the base version of the missile is not higher than that of Hongqi-1, and the size and weight of the booster-extended version is slightly smaller than that of Hongqi-2."
When Huang Zhiqian mentioned the third point, the Chinese and Soviet experts in the conference room began to whisper to each other.
"Well, the second and third improvements especially need the assistance of Soviet experts and Soviet scientific research institutes. These two points are also the basic technical indicators drawn up by Minister Tang Hua, and I don't think they can be modified."
"If this is the case, then more high-energy propellants are needed." A Soviet expert said.
"After the propellant formula is changed, the solid rocket motor must also be modified."
Huang Zhiqian: "The solid rocket motor technology of Hongqi-1/2 is relatively simple. The main engine of Hongqi-1 is derived from a large-caliber rocket. The booster added to Hongqi-2 is an enlarged version of the large-caliber rocket motor. The fuel is also rocket-propelled. I think there is a lot of potential to improve performance in this regard.”
This was followed by a discussion of many technical details.The habit of Soviet experts is "If you want to increase the performance, then I will make the missile a circle bigger", but now the planning of the Hongqi-4 has fixed the volume and weight, which is a bit of a headache for them.
However, the hastily combined engine and propellant of Hongqi-1 are indeed quite adequate, and it is not difficult for Hongqi-4 to meet the planned technical indicators.Soon Soviet experts claimed the development of the engine and propellant.
"The fourth is the multi-target interception capability, which is upgraded from guiding 2 missiles to attack 1 target to guiding 4 missiles to attack 2 targets; the fifth is anti-jamming capability, and the sixth is the upgrade of the radio command system. ..."
The latter are upgrades of computers and electronic components, which are undertaken by China.
……
On the outskirts of Moscow, after May Day, some new vehicles appeared near the S-25 missile system in the forest.
The S-25 missile system is extremely large, and various fixed buildings and fixed launchers are distributed in an area with a radius of several kilometers. The dozens of newly added trucks scattered in the forest with a radius of several kilometers do not feel awkward.
At the end of 1952, the defense industry departments of China and the Soviet Union determined that the joint research and development of Hongqi-4 was the "ultimate goal". However, according to the agreement made before Stalin's death, the Soviet Union still introduced 10 sets of Hongqi-1 and 20 sets of Hongqi-2 air defense The system is mainly deployed in the S-25 missile system position near Moscow as a blind air defense weapon, and the other part is deployed in Leningrad to prevent low-altitude infiltration of the West by reconnaissance aircraft.
In December 1952, the first batch of 12 sets of system kits were shipped out of China, and assembled in the vehicle factory in the Soviet Union in January 5, and the anti-aircraft missile system combined with the chassis was shipped two months later.
"Is this also an anti-aircraft missile? Is this the little one?"
A driver of the car company of the S-25 missile unit asked curiously.
"Don't underestimate the little thing that is more than two meters long," said the missile soldier. "When the enemy plane flies at an altitude below 1000 meters, it is the only one that can help us get out of trouble. Even for an enemy plane flying at a height of 50 meters, this missile It can also be shot down."
"Interesting, so that there will be no fish that slip through the net."
"You may not know that this kind of missile in North Korea shot down dozens of American planes in one morning. In that morning, the planes flying at high altitudes were the ones that slipped through the net..."