roccoschili Page 435
Page 435
"Fiscal revenue and expenditure balance. Now the central government must maintain a certain amount of reserve funds on the one hand, and on the other hand prepare to increase possible investment in the annual plan. In the five-year plan, the reserve funds for the three years of 1955, 56, and 57 were only 38 billion. Yuan, which accounts for 4% of fiscal expenditures, is very little and cannot be reduced any further.”
"There is also the issue of the balance between social purchasing power and commodity supply. According to the current development speed, social purchasing power will increase to 1957 billion yuan in 550, while the total supply of consumer goods and agricultural products is only 500 billion yuan, and the difference between supply and demand is 50 billion yuan. .”
The increase in social purchasing power means that with the spread of industrialization, the number of workers is increasing, and the wages of workers are much higher than the monetary income of farmers.If there is too much money in hand and there is nothing to buy in the market, there will be a risk of rising CPI.
Zhang Xi, who was transferred from the secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee to the member of the State Planning Commission, then talked about agricultural issues:
"Vice Premier Chen just mentioned the issue of agricultural products. Agricultural production is the weakest part of the plan. The total agricultural output value is required to increase by 5% every year within five years. Last year, the growth rate of the total agricultural output value was 5.1%, although it has reached the planned growth. rate, but compared with the industrial output value, which greatly exceeds the task, agriculture lags behind."
“Under the circumstances that it is impossible to increase the irrigated area by a large amount, and at the same time, the increase in unit yield is limited by conditions such as farm tools and fertilizers, the growth of production can only be achieved by promoting the agricultural cooperative movement.”
……
"Let me talk about the situation of the industrial labor force," Li Fuchun said. "Actually, when we implemented the recruitment plan, we recalculated the original data. Last year and the first half of this year, the industrial output value was higher than expected, but the new The number of cadres and workers increased was actually 3% less than the original plan. Old habits and old people know this. If we develop according to such a high-efficiency manpower allocation, the purchasing power of society will not increase to 1957 billion by 550. So many yuan, our estimate is 530 billion to 540 billion.”
"Yes, Fuchun came to me and cut down the cadre quota several times. I think that the method of manpower efficiency and streamlining the team in the heavy industry and machinery industry can also be implemented in light industry and government agencies."
Prime Minister: "The number of recruits and the number of cadres have been reduced, and the progress of our urbanization rate will not be as fast as before."
Chief Accountant: "Farmers are recruited into the city to receive state wages, so they will no longer produce food, but they still need to eat food and meat. In other words, one agricultural producer is gone, and one more consumer of agricultural products is added. The impact on agricultural output is negative. There is an extra pressure. The efficient allocation of manpower must be carried out, and it is best to expand it. Improving labor productivity is also one of the main goals of the First Five-Year Plan.”
The instigator of the efficient manpower allocation is Tang Hua...
Seeing that several people were discussing this topic, Tang Hua had to speak.
"In the later stage of the First Five-Year Plan, the number of industrial workers will increase rapidly, and our given urbanization rate target can still be achieved. As Vice Premier Chen said, saving food and saving financial expenditures requires not so many people. Instead, more products will be produced and labor productivity will increase.”
"In Yan'an we engaged in large-scale production and streamlined administration. Why not do it now in Beijing? Of course we will continue to do so."
It was the chairman who spoke.
"In Yan'an, the army is streamlined and the administration is streamlined. In Beijing, there are layers of institutions and a lot of redundant staff. What's the matter? We are not so rich."
……
"Deputy Director Zhang mentioned just now that the improvement of agricultural yields is limited by conditions such as farm tools and fertilizers. In fact, this aspect is the obligation of the industrial sector."
Tang Hua continued to talk about industry.
"We have all built special steel plants now. If there is still a shortage of agricultural tools, it means that the Planning Commission's plan has not been implemented in place, and production in this area should be adjusted in the second half of the year. There is also fertilizer. Now five synthetic ammonia-urea joint plants have been completed. Putting into trial production, this year's planting cycle can't catch up, but the spring plowing in 1955 can catch up. The annual production capacity of the five factories is 25 tons. From September 1954 to March 9, a total of 1955 to 3 12 tons of urea. That is, more than 13 million tons of grain can be exchanged."
"But there is one more thing," Tang Hua said, "grain prices are at a relatively low level now. If it is produced by family-based small farmers, farmers may not necessarily be willing to use chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers should be provided on the premise that some countries subsidize the price difference. supply to rural areas where primary agricultural co-operatives have been achieved.”
Zhang Xi: "What is the cost price per kilogram of urea? How much is the subsidy?"
Chief accountant: "If the previous arable land only had farmyard manure, when 5 kg of urea was added per mu, the yield of wheat could be increased by about 60 kg, and the yield of rice could be increased by 55 kg. The income from increasing production was 10 yuan, while 5 kg of urea now The ex-factory price is also 10 yuan. We plan to subsidize 1 yuan per kilogram of urea, so that after farmers in the cooperative use chemical fertilizers, they can feel that they can earn more than before farming, and they will be more motivated to use chemical fertilizers.”
"We have made a lot of determination to take out this money. 25 tons of urea are distributed to farmers every year, but it is a subsidy of 2.5 million yuan."
Chief accountant: "Boss, the money will be profitable. I have calculated that after the urea is distributed and used, the national agricultural output value will increase by 0.5 percentage points due to the increase in grain production."
……
Tang Hua: "There is still room for improvement in the synthetic ammonia-urea joint production line. The current price per ton is 2000 yuan. After tapping the potential and expanding production, it may be reduced to 1600 to 1800 yuan per ton. If we can change the coal-based synthetic ammonia to If ammonia is synthesized from natural gas or petroleum products, then the price of urea per ton may even drop to just over a thousand yuan, and then Minister Bo’s financial subsidy pressure will not be so great.”
Chief accountant: "Here, where do we get so much oil and natural gas? Now domestic oil is hundreds of thousands of tons a year, and most of it is refined from oil mines. According to the exchange rate, the price is actually higher than that of imports. It's just that we lack foreign exchange. .”
Tang Hua didn't answer, he was thinking, how is old Li Siguang doing at the mouth of the Yellow River now.Villa No. 65 reserved for the Minister of Geology in Beidaihe is still vacant.
And what happened to his Land Rover...
……
Shandong, Bohai District, Shisantu Village.
Li Siguang opened the map of the Bohai Sea area. Near Shisantu Village, he had entered two small circles two months ago.
Now, you can annotate the two small circles.
"Well Bo 1, located in Shisantu Village, Bohai District, Shandong, at the eastern end of the Shanghe uplift. The well depth is 1063 meters into the Lower Paleozoic, with large leaks. No oil and gas shows. The geological structure of 'Shanghe Uplift A' was established."
"Well Bo 2, between Shisantu Village and Zhujia Village, Bohai District, Shandong Province, 1 kilometers away from Well Bo 17. The southeast end of the uplift in the Shanghe area. The well depth is 2550 meters, and the red layer below N. No oil and gas shows. Establish the 'Shanghe River' Uplift B' geological formation."
Li Siguang closed the map, put the information book into the box, and got out of the tent.
Two wells were drilled, but there was no oil.
Well Bo 1 was drilled down, and there was a large leakage of 1063 meters, indicating that the probability of finding oil here was zero, so the continued drilling was terminated.However, Li Siguang discovered that he had made a mistake in his previous analysis of the strata around the mouth of the Yellow River, and after a few days of research, he corrected the mistake.
Well Bo 2 was drilled deeper than Well Bo 1, but no oil was found either.
"Dawarish Li, the relocation of the Bo 2 well has been completed for the most part, and your mobile office can also be moved there."
Soviet drilling expert Grubenikov Kutz told Li Siguang.
"Comrade Coutts, can our drilling cycle be improved a bit?"
Grubennikov Kutz: "According to the marking of the Ministry of Geology of the Soviet Union, the drilling cycle of a 3000-meter-deep well is 86 days, and the time it takes us to drill the Bo 2 well and move is 75 days, although the drilling depth is not 3000 meters. meters, but the overall efficiency has improved slightly.”
Li Siguang: "It would be great if it can be done as quickly as Well Bo 1."
"That's a special case. Well Bo 1 is only 1063 meters long."
The drilling work cycle includes installing the drilling tower, drilling the well, doing aftermath after the drilling, and then dismantling the drilling tower, installing a heavy truck, and moving to the next drilling site.The time spent simply drilling down only accounts for about 40% of the drilling cycle.
Well Bo 1 was drilled to 1063 meters and knew that there was no hope. The drilling tower was immediately dismantled and driven to the next drilling site, which saved more than ten days.Well Bo 2 was drilled honestly to a depth of 2500+ before it was ready to be transferred.
According to the results of computer numerical simulation, Li Siguang almost went straight to the address of Shengli Oilfield, where he made a test.But even if the general location is found, it is not just to drill a hole and get oily.
Coupled with the extremely complex geological conditions of the Shengli Oilfield, which added additional difficulties, the large leakage of Well Bo 1 was not expected before.It is conceivable that there will be more unexpected situations in the future. If the drill pipe is damaged or something, the drilling cycle will be delayed by more than 75 days.
Li Siguang: "If it is calculated on the basis of one well every 75 days, our two drilling teams will work separately, and it will take a year to drill 9 to 10 wells. This efficiency is too slow."
Grubernikov Kutz: "There are indeed fewer drilling teams. But I estimate that within 20 wells, we can complete the exploration of the area on the south bank of the Yellow River estuary. That is to say, it only takes two years."
Li Siguang: "No, I want to go back to Beijing and ask the Government Affairs Council to find me two more drilling machines."
……
Beidaihe.
The general discussion on the first day of the Central Economic Work Conference is over.
Not all owners of villas No. 1 to No. 95 participated in the Central Economic Work Conference.Members of the State Planning Commission must have been present, but people from the CPPCC and the Government Administration Council system, mainly the vice chairmen of the democratic parties and standing committee members, did not attend.In addition, some people did not come to Beidaihe, so the number of participants was only more than 40.
After all, this is a meeting of the implementers of the nation-building program.Those who did not attend the meeting also know it well.
Even so, Vice Chairman Li Zongren was still a little anxious.