roccoschili Page 438
Page 438
"The national population includes 710 people in the newly liberated Taiwan Province, and 290 overseas Chinese and students."
This number can basically be referred to simply as "1000 million people".Although there are more than 1953 million overseas Chinese and overseas students, the statistics are based on July 7, 1. More than a year later, according to the current population growth rate, the domestic population alone should exceed 6 million.
At this time, my country has not yet made it clear whether to recognize dual nationality, so overseas Chinese are also included according to the estimated number.
Other survey items also include ethnic composition, with the Han nationality accounting for 93.4%.Among the ethnic minorities, there are 661 million Tong (Zhuang), 241 million Manchu, 146 million Mongolian, 355 million Hui, 277 million Tibetan, 364 million Uighur, 251 million Miao, 325 million Yi, 124 million Buyi, and Korean 112 million.The above-mentioned ethnic groups have a population of more than one million, and there are a dozen ethnic groups with a population of less than one million.
There are more than 30 ethnic groups that have not yet been established.
……
The first national census also has more detailed data.
1953年全国人口的平均年龄是26.57岁，平均寿命53.14岁。其中男性平均寿命51.68岁，女性平均寿命56.87岁。
3.03 million men and 2.88 million women.
During the period of the Republic of China, the average life expectancy of the national population was over 40 years old according to the statistics at the end of the Anti-Japanese War. It should be that the average life expectancy of the Chinese people has risen slightly after the surrender of Japan, but the extent of this rise has been unable to be counted.Four years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it increased again, and finally reached the age of 53.
But the average life expectancy of 53 years is still a very low figure, which means that the country is generally in poverty and lacks the coverage of modern medicine.
Among the populations of all provinces in the country, Sichuan ranks first with 6200 million people.Southwest, central and southern provinces also have large populations and are extremely poor: Jiangxi has more than 1600 million people, Guangxi has more than 1900 million people, Guizhou has more than 1500 million people, and Yunnan has more than 1700 million people.
National urbanization data are also available.The country's urban population is 8 million, and the rural population is 5.1 million. In other words, the urbanization rate is only 13%.
从1953年7月反推1949年，那时候中国的城市化率估计只有10%左右，中国就是一个巨型的6亿人的农村。
This is what China had in 1953, before the implementation of the First Five-Year Plan.
"Director Xue, what is the error in the recheck of this census?" Tang Hua asked.
"The re-examination results show that the census data is very accurate," Xue Muqiao said. "Our Statistics Bureau conducted a random survey of 1954% of the population nationwide in 9 as a test of the accuracy of the first census. The result of the inspection is that the repeated counts accounted for 4 percent of the population. [-] out of [-], and [-] out of [-]. The computer is a powerful tool."
……
The second reason for Director Xue's late arrival is that the National Bureau of Statistics obtained some information after investigation and statistics based on the implementation of the First Five-Year Plan and the revised plan, and they wanted to come to Beidaihe for a meeting to discuss.
"The overall policy of the First Five-Year Plan is to start the systematic construction of the industrial base in 1953 and 1954. In 1955, we will export some industrial end products under the premise of consolidating the foundation. From 1956, we will carry out more construction projects in the city. , to adapt to the development of urbanization. From March to July, the National Bureau of Statistics conducted a summary and data split analysis of the planning schemes for urban construction in 3 and 7, and found some omissions in the original plan.”
Xue Muqiao said, "We originally underestimated the amount of building materials such as steel and cement used in 1956 and 1957. The production of building materials, such as building bricks, is relatively easy to solve, and there is production if there is manpower; cement requires some modern equipment and materials, but Generally speaking, as long as there is manpower and a little explosives, it can be solved. However, the production of steel needed for urban construction must be paid attention to.”
When Tang Hua heard Xue Muqiao's words, he became energetic.
Tang Hua knew that the urban construction in 56 and 57 led to a steel crisis across the country. The severe shortage of steel forced the country to rapidly increase steel production. At the beginning, the expansion of steel production was relatively orderly, but later it became more and more chaotic, and the technical content became more and more complicated. come lower.
However, this does not require the intervention of the Great Prophecy, it is best to wait until everyone realizes that this will happen.
The local area network and data center built for the State Planning Commission (including the National Bureau of Statistics) were not in vain after all.Now a lot of detailed data on the national economy, which used to be difficult to count or became invalid after the statistics were clear, can now surface before things get worse.
……
"We are now building a large modern steel plant every two years, expanding and upgrading an old steel plant every year, and the supply of steel is still in short supply," Deng Zifei said.
"Anshan Iron and Steel, Taiyuan Iron and Steel, and Fularji have too high a ratio of special steel, all of which are manufactured for weapons and heavy equipment. Now it seems that basic carbon steel has been ignored."
"Steel for weapons and equipment cannot be saved, and national defense needs cannot be moved. Heavy equipment is either a national key project, or it is used by industrial mother machines and factories. These are also key construction projects."
Tang Hua thought, now is the time to lift out the small steel plant equipment.
"Chairman Deng, the General Research Institute of the Iron and Steel Industry Bureau developed a set of small steel plant equipment for national production last year. I asked them to build a model plant in Langfang, Hebei Province from the end of last year. It has been in operation for more than half a year, and technical modifications have been made in the middle , and now the effect is very good.” Tang Hua said, “The construction period is about 12 months, and the factory equipment is completely localized, so there is no need for power support.”
Deng Zifei: "You seem to have mentioned it in the report of the Ministry of Heavy Industry at the end of last year."
"I mentioned that at the end of last year, I asked the model factory to carry out some technical upgrades, and they followed the upgrade requirements. Now this small steel factory is more usable, and the production efficiency has increased by 20%, and the number of employees has not increased."
Li Fuchun: "Don't use the equipment of the Soviet Union's big brother at all?"
Tang Hua: "Strictly speaking, each steel plant needs 15 to 20 trucks to transport between railways, water terminals and factories. If Changchun FAW can start production on time, then since 1957, cars will also be domestically produced. "
Now it's a discussion meeting between the National Bureau of Statistics and the Planning Commission. Everyone took the data from the Bureau of Statistics and listened to Tang Hua's talk about the situation of the small steel mills, and each of them began to whisper to each other.
"With an annual output of [-] tons of steel, although it is all-carbon steel, it can supply the urban construction steel demand of one or two cities."
"If you save some money, all three cities can satisfy you."
"If steel for construction can be supplied, it is better to use steel. Otherwise, for buildings with more than 4 floors, the bricks used to build load-bearing walls and load-bearing columns are more expensive than steel bars, and it is troublesome."
Tang Hua: "Yes, masonry buildings are actually very expensive. The teaching buildings and dormitory buildings of the Harbin Military Industry Corporation are outrageously expensive."
"Small iron and steel plants need to start construction, which should be included in the adjusted plan," Deng Zifei said. "How many small iron and steel plants can be started before January 1955?"
Tang Hua: "While formulating the standard documents for small steel plants, the Steel Institute also sent people to survey a number of plant sites in the north and south. If we start now, we can start 1955 to 1 small steel plants before January 10. "
……
The Planning Commission sorted out the current situation and forecast of the iron and steel industry, as well as the solutions of the State Planning Commission, and sent them to the chairman and the prime minister for review. The chairman's instructions were:
10个太不够了，一定要在1954年开工15个小钢铁厂，1955年再开工30个小钢铁厂。
"Chairman Deng, the problem now is the lack of iron and steel talents." Tang Hua said to Deng Zifei.
Deng Zifei also sighed, "When will the Steel Institute and the Mining Institute be released?"
"July of the next year for the steel college, and July of the year after the bachelor's degree. The junior college of the mine has to wait until July of the next year."
The mining institute is Beijing Institute of Mining and Technology.The Institute of Steel is the Beijing Institute of Iron and Steel Industry, today called Beijing University of Science and Technology.
In addition to the Institute of Iron and Steel, there are some technical secondary schools in Shenyang, Changchun, Anshan, Fushun, and Benxi, and some old comprehensive universities majoring in metallurgy.
Technical secondary school... It seems that technical secondary school is also possible...
Tang Hua: "Teams need to be transferred from the old base in Northeast China. It doesn't take too much. Three to five people can be brought in to a steel factory. The premise is that each of the three to five people in the team can be independent."
Chapter 52, TK-1 and TK-2 sounding rockets
Of course, Beidaihe District is not just 95 people meeting here on vacation.
In the apartment buildings on other beaches, there are more than 1700 employees of central government agencies, and more than 700 model workers and advanced elements of the People's Liberation Army.
For example, "Xiao Cao" lives in an apartment building by himself, and Tang Hua has even taken time to go there to play, and the suite looks like a resort hotel decorated like a beggar's version-of course, this is viewed from the perspective of the 21st century.Judging by the current standards, these apartments are about simple and practical decoration.
The chairman decided to start 15 small iron and steel factories, and Tang Hua had to come here to meet with the people from the Iron and Steel Industry Bureau.
In the summer office system of centrally-directed agencies, half of the cadres below the bureau take turns to rest, and the other half must maintain the operation of the unit and department in Beijing.That is, an employee gets one month of Beidaihe summer vacation every two years.
Let's grab this half of the people to the meeting now.
"By the middle of 1956, the Iron and Steel Industry Bureau will start construction of about 50 small iron and steel plants across the country," Tang Hua said, "but no more than 60. Your bureau and the General Iron and Steel Research Institute have done a report. According to the research report, there are only a limited number of addresses suitable for the construction of iron and steel enterprises across the country. In places where the natural conditions are not good, there is currently no plan to forcibly establish iron and steel enterprises.”