roccoschili Page 593
Page 593
Twining nodded: "As long as there is a set of accurate photos, the final year can be determined. ... We need U-2 in the Pacific Ocean."
……
Both the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force have focused on the fact that Chinese missiles can threaten US allies and US military bases, but there is no in-depth discussion on when China will launch satellites.
It is no wonder that in order to launch the first artificial satellite as soon as possible, the White House now mainly supports the U.S. Navy's Atlas-DM18 and the modified "Pioneer". This rocket looks relatively small and should be easier to succeed. Lars, let's just wait.Since the money is not much, Atlas is developing it slowly.
News of China's flight test of an intermediate-range ballistic missile quickly spread within the Five Eyes alliance. Five days later, the United Kingdom made a move that matched his position as a great power-Prime Minister Harold Macmillan publicly announced that the United Kingdom would launch a space program and launch a spacecraft at an appropriate time in the future.
In order to show that we are not just talking, the British launched a Skylark sounding rocket at the Wumera shooting range. This rocket is similar to the TK-1954 launched by Qian Xuesen for the first time in 1, and it has not yet flown out of the atmosphere.
……
"We can't delay any longer. For every month of delay, the Soviet Union may send a new satellite into space, and we will be blamed even more."
Allen Dulles has become more and more anxious recently. The intelligence the CIA has obtained from the Soviet Union is still ambiguous. Some intelligence believes that the giant rockets of the Soviet Union are being continuously produced from the factory like sausages, and then carried into the sky by satellites. Intelligence on the contrary, that the next Soviet launch vehicle may have to wait two or three months before launching.
In view of the fact that the previous intelligence about the Soviet Union was going in the worst direction, Director Dulles had to pay attention to the previous "alarmist" intelligence.
"It seems that it is not a delay, but an inability to accelerate."
After listening to Dulles' urging, Admiral Arleigh Burke, the Chief of Naval Operations of the United States, could only spread his hands: "I have read the report of the Bureau of Ordnance. Now the Navy's missiles or rockets are still very immature. Launching in January 1958 seems to be It’s a relatively safe choice.”
Allen Dulles: "The White House is willing to accept riskier options, such as launching a satellite directly on a prototype launch vehicle for flight testing."
Arleigh Burke: "If Ike thinks it's worth doing, go for it, and I'll have my aides call the departments and call a joint naval ordnance meeting."
……
The Raytheon-DM18 missile, which has been a headache for the U.S. Navy, was partially successful at the end of October. In November, the U.S. Navy immediately pulled out the test section of the "Pioneer" launch vehicle and fired it. It succeeded. The first stage rocket took off. The highest rose to 10 kilometers, and finally fell to more than 11 kilometers.
This is the plan that Allen Dulles was talking about: assemble a complete Vanguard rocket at once: put a tested first stage, an untested second stage, and (obviously) an untested third stage , a satellite, the three are combined together, and then don't worry about so much, and quickly send it out in early December.
Under the strong impetus of the CIA, the US Navy really did this.
……
In Huntsville, Alabama, von Braun has lived in this small city for six years.
After the end of World War II, von Braun was taken captive to the United States. In the end, his organization was actually set in the U.S. Army, and he designed missiles for the U.S. Army at the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville.
The U.S. Army's missile program receives only one-half of the Navy's ballistic missile funding and one-third of the U.S. Air Force's.However, von Braun led the design team to still design the "Redstone" ballistic missile. In 1957, Juno-1 and Jupiter-C rockets were developed.
While urging the U.S. Navy to speed up the launch of satellites, Allen Dulles is also urging the U.S. Army to hurry up and tinker with their suborbital launch vehicles.
On December 1957, 12, Director Dulles' assistant came to Huntsville and asked von Braun and his research team how much potential the Jupiter-C rocket had and whether it could launch artificial satellites.
"In July you thought it was impossible for Jupiter-C and Juno-7 to go to space," von Braun said.
"Now the Navy's launch vehicle project has many uncertainties." The assistant spoke frankly.
Von Braun: "I am not sure whether Jupiter-C can send an artificial satellite into space. ... I need to collect the improvement ideas of various groups and calculate them one by one."
Assistant: "The Chinese launched a medium-range missile on November 11th. The range is almost the same as your Juno-20. According to the report of the RAND Corporation, the Chinese intend to use this missile to transform it into a launch vehicle to launch satellites. So you should have confidence in Juno-1."
The assistant handed von Braun information obtained by the CIA from the U.S. Navy and Air Force.Von Braun opened the report, skimmed through the contents, and remained silent for a long time.
Assistant: "What happened?"
"I want to see Mr. Dulles," said von Braun. "It's very bad, very very bad."
……
Now Allen Dulles is not in Cleveland, but in Houston.When von Braun and his assistant boarded the CIA plane and flew directly to Houston, and rushed into the office of the US Navy's space program, Dulles had just come out of the Navy's Ordnance Joint Conference.
"Mr. Dulles, haven't you found anything wrong with this monitoring report on China's missile tests?" Von Braun said.
Dulles:?
Von Braun pulled out the report of the radio direction finding station, "The three radio direction finding stations all confirmed that the Chinese missile made two turns in the middle and the end of the flight. The turning angle is not large, and you may regard it as a natural deviation." I ignored it. In fact, these two special projects were intentional.”
Von Braun went to a blackboard and drew a line with a slight angle.
"Although the direction deflection angle is only 0.5 degrees, there is no natural external force to make the missile turn. This is an active change of direction made by the Chinese missile under inertial gyro or radio control. After two changes of direction, the missile's track That’s right, the real-time speed is 3500~3600 m/s.”
"If the missile keeps its current course and simply accelerates to 7.9 kilometers per second, it will accurately park in an orbit with a perigee of about 300 kilometers and an apogee of about 1200 kilometers."
Von Braun emphasized: "China is not testing ballistic missiles at all. Their ballistic missiles may have been successfully tested inland and we have not observed them. The Chinese are practicing how to operate a rocket-artificial satellite combination. Align with the intended satellite orbit."
assistant:……
Dulles: ...
U.S. Naval Bureau of Ordnance officer walking out of the office: ...
After a full 3 minutes of silence, a U.S. Navy lieutenant colonel finally asked: "How long is it?"
Von Braun: "The next rocket of the Chinese will definitely carry a satellite. If I were the general manager of the project, I would launch it 2 to 3 weeks after the success of this manipulation drill. As for whether it will be successful, Look at the probability."
……
Beijing.
Defense Advanced Technology Research Institute.
Four months ago, Tang Hua nailed an extra-large blackboard on the wall, on which dozens of small square boxes were densely drawn.The small box is divided into two groups of "star" and "arrow".
The small boxes are filled with content such as "core development", "solar battery module", "radiation protection" ... "test one", "test two" and "test three". There are many lines connecting the boxes.Finally, the two groups of "Star" and "Arrow" merged to the top layer, and only one date was written in the box on the top layer:
1957.12.3.
"In the past four months, everyone has worked very hard." Tang Hua said to Qian Xuesen.
"Yes, it's in full swing from the beginning, and the more things go on, the more things will happen."
Tang Hua: "Both task groups perfectly fit the time node, and all products were completed with high quality. This is a perfect project case of engineering cybernetics."
Qian Xuesen: "Hehe..."
Tang Hua raised his wrist and looked at his watch. "The time is almost up, let's go to the station. When we get to the station, the rocket and satellite from Tianjin just arrived."
After Tang Hua finished speaking, as if giving an order, all the people in the office on the half floor started to move.
11月30日，专列从北京出发。一切按照计划，12月1日抵达太原卫星发射中心。从12月3日到5日，择机发射第一颗人造卫星。
The "Pioneer"-TV3 arrow-star system built by the U.S. Navy at a frantic pace, although only one stage of the three-stage rocket has been tested, although the launch failed on the original timeline, the launch of the carrier rocket is really a matter of probability. What if the launch failed in the original timeline, and he succeeded in launching it by luck in this plane?This possibility cannot be ruled out.
The way to do it once and for all is to rush at the buzzer, I am two days ahead of you, everyone rolls the dice to determine the winner, but I am the banker - a tie (both successful) and I win.