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Page 604

Tang Hua: "If the original 1920-piece structure is used, the spacing between chips and circuit boards is much looser than the current 2880-piece structure, and the heat dissipation pressure may not be so great."

Li Qiang: "Hey, don't you want to hit the limit of computing speed as much as possible. Mr. Zhu said at the beginning that 3.3 million times can do medium and long-term weather forecasts, but when the official meeting was held, he said no, 6.4 million times. Let's just go straight to [-] million times times per second, if Mr. Zhu increases his requirements, the supercomputer can handle it."

"Can it really handle it? That's great. Director Li, Minister Tang, and Mr. Zhu called and said that the young men under him have adjusted the algorithm again. If the medium and long-term weather forecast can be calculated in 24 hours, The computing speed of the computer should be faster, 4 to 5 million operations per second."

Tu Changwang didn't know when he appeared in the supercomputer hall.

Director Tu and the working group of the National Meteorological Administration stayed (stationed) at the Shanghai Computer Institute in December 1957. Zhu Kezhen and Ye Duzheng were mainly active in Beijing. The progress of the manufacturing, if the supercomputer is about to be completed, it will fly to Shanghai immediately.

This sentence added by Tu Changwang made Li Qiang's brain ache: "Oh..."

Tang Hua: "Director Tu, the accuracy of mid- and long-term weather forecasts is not only related to computer computing power and algorithm accuracy, but also related to the accuracy of weather parameter measurement. The hardware of the weather station is good enough for the area we calculated for the first time. right?"

Tu Changwang: "Several major measuring instruments are the products with the best accuracy and the most stable performance that can be obtained at present. Each weather station has set up wired communication, and there are walkie-talkies as backup. The area for forecasting is North China and East China. region, to be precise, the Yellow River-Huai River Basin."

Tang Hua: "It seems that our work node is just right, and the date when the supercomputer will be put into use happens to be stuck in March, so that your weather forecasting system can start working before the rainy season."

Li Qiang: "Another thing to say is that we only need to make computers, and we are not responsible for whether they are accurate or not."

……

Beijing.

Beijing Workstation, Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The mid-to-long-term weather forecast algorithm has been adjusted again. It is not the young programmers who clean up the previous shit mountain, but Ye Duzheng recently completed a study: the seasonal change of the East Asian circulation, and the theory and value of this change are substituted into the Chinese region. After the weather forecast, the amount of calculation will increase.

"Vortex motion, East Asian circulation, dispersion and propagation of atmospheric energy, closed equations of atmospheric motion, East Asian monsoon theory, Mr. Zhu, that's all the theories we have at hand. I always feel that there are still a few theories for medium and long-term weather forecasting. Not enough." Ye Duzheng said to Zhu Kezhen.

"Now we are actually still within the framework of the three classic theories of dynamic meteorology, and what you and I have proposed are all repair formulas," Zhu Kezhen said, "I hope that new theories will emerge in the future."

……

"Seasonal Variations of East Asian Circulation" was published at the end of 1957. After Ye Duzheng's paper was submitted to IGY, it attracted great attention in the international meteorological community.

This paper is very long. Ye Duzheng not only wrote his own research on the East Asian circulation, but also combined several previous theories of meteorology, and used a third of the space to explain the relationship between weather forecasts and theoretical formulas.

"This article by Mr. Ye has a good summary of the seasonal variation of the East Asian circulation, but the scheme described in the last two sections of the article is confusing." Meteorologist Masatoshi Yoshino said at the International Geophysical Year summit.

Ye Duzheng sent a copy of the article, but because it was about an atmospheric phenomenon unique to East Asia, meteorologists in Europe and the United States did not study it much, but the meteorological circles in Japan were very interested.

Jeffrey Taylor: "Ye's trying to shoot an arrow to the moon."

Yoshino Masatoshi: "This is exactly where I am puzzled. Under the framework of the currently known meteorological theory and fluid mechanics, Mr. Ye talked about the long-term weather forecast with great interest, which we tried 30 years ago , proving that it is impossible to do so with existing theories.”

Geoffrey Taylor: "Achieving weather forecasting requires a new theory of dynamic meteorology. This theory must be revolutionary and subversive. It greatly simplifies the past fluid dynamics formulas and can even obtain a part of the analytical solution. Now this No such theory has emerged, we are still in a state of confusion, and there is nothing Mr Isaac Newton can do about it."

Yoshino Masatoshi: "We can only look forward to Mr. Ye Duzheng coming to Copenhagen in May to discuss and communicate at the academic summit. We cannot rule out the possibility that he really discovered a new theory of dynamical meteorology, and when the paper was published he did not Doing the final check."

Chapter 173, Illegal Buildings and Billboards

On February 1958, 2, the Beijing Computing Center of the Electronic Information Industry Bureau.

The mainframe of the Beijing Computing Center was once again occupied by the National Meteorological Administration, and the occupation lasted for 20 days. On February 2th, the third day of the Lunar New Year, the calculation was finally coming to an end.

"We finally figured out the weather forecast for February 2!"

When Ye Duzheng said this, he was actually both self-deprecating and gratifying.After all, it is not super-computing, and the result is calculated in 20 days, and it is also a weather forecast for a reduced area, which is also normal.

Why count this useless medium and long-term weather forecast?

Because I want to verify whether the accuracy of the program has improved after adding the seasonal variation parameters of the East Asian circulation.

The long output results were displayed on the screen. In order to facilitate the viewing of the results, Ye Duzheng simply printed out the calculation results, and then took out a map of North China, marked points one by one with a pencil, and drew a map without any hassle. A computer calculated the weather map four days ago.

"It's done. I'll see how it differs from the actual result. Xiao Zhang. Bring me the weather map for the 16th."

Zhang Peichang took out the weather map for February 2 that he had prepared three days ago from his bag.Ye Du held two huge maps densely marked with parameters and symbols, and was dazzled for a while.He simply picked up the pen again and compared areas one by one. After the comparison was completed, he ticked or crossed the result map obtained by the computer calculation.

Zhang Peichang: "Ms. Ye, it seems that there are more correct areas than last time."

Ye Duzheng counted the numbers with his mouth in a low voice. After all the statistics were completed, he said: "172 of the 109 areas were correct, 63.37%. Almost meaningless."

……

Shanghai.

On February 2th, New Year's Eve, there was no inauguration ceremony, no celebration ceremony, and the first new-architecture supercomputer "Tianhe-17" was completed.There is no ceremony, one is because it is New Year's Eve, and the other is that there are not many people in Shanghai who are qualified to know and contact the information of Tianhe-1.

After the completion, it is the baking machine... no, it is the inspection and trial operation, which will last about 5 to 7 days.

The normal operation is enough for the trial run. If any weak soldering, overheating, etc. are found, the installation team will troubleshoot.On the third day of the Lunar New Year, Tang Hua and Li Qiang boarded a jeep and traveled from Shanghai to Jiaxing.

"Old Li, your attainments in radar and electronic warfare are indeed the best in the world," Tang Hua said, "What the Soviet comrades are doing is not as good as you, and I can say more reliably that what the Americans are doing now is also the same." Not as good as ours."

Li Qiang: "I was forced to come out. 70 Hz, thanks to you can figure it out."

Tang Hua: "I dare to think that if you dare to do it, it will be done. Oh, by the way, you didn't even fill out the registration form for the co-option last year. You should know that although You didn't fill it in, but four or five faculty members nominated you for the co-opted list, including me."

Li Qiang: "At the beginning of last year, the 307 radar prototype was made, but it has not been installed on the ship, so it is not suitable to be a member of the evaluation department. I am the director of the Electronic Information Industry Bureau, and I cannot use other people's standards to follow the crowd. Go to engineering school."

"Okay, now the 307 radar has been completed on the test ship, and the 111 radar has been installed on the 112 and 307 ships on the berth, and now we have made... an extremely long wave anti-submarine communication system..., don't you Entering the Academy of Engineering, the Academy of Engineering is uncomfortable.”

……

Tang Hua and Li Qiang went to Jiaxing to inspect the prototype of the extremely long wave anti-submarine communication system.

It is also commonly known as "Long Wave Station".

Long wave is a very general term. Electromagnetic waves with "very long wavelength" actually need to be subdivided: long wave (low frequency), ultra long wave (very low frequency), and extremely long wave (very low frequency).There are also standards subdivided into four frequency bands.

The wavelength of the extremely long wave is 1000-100000 kilometers (3 Hz to 300 Hz). How low is this? Take an iron ruler or a hard plastic ruler, press the left hand on the edge of the table and stretch out half of it, and flick the end of the ruler vigorously with the right hand. The frequency of ruler oscillation belongs to the category of extremely low frequency/extremely long wave.

If you wrap a thin copper wire around the ruler, connect the battery, and then play the ruler, congratulations, what you are emitting is not a sound wave (3~300 Hz), but an extremely long-wave electromagnetic wave.

But you must not play too much, too many times, you will get the password of that thing wrong, and watch the news online for a while, and Washington will disappear.

...I'm not skinny anymore.

In fact, long-wave radio stations are not dedicated to submersible communication certificates. They can penetrate seawater of one or two meters at most. Long-wave radio stations can communicate directly over long distances (thousands of kilometers or even tens of thousands of kilometers) without relay stations.

Ultra-long-wave radio stations can penetrate seawater of 10 to 30 meters, which is probably the state of a submarine sailing at the depth of a periscope.

Since the end of World War II, Germany, the United States, and the United Kingdom have all switched to ultra-long wave radio stations to communicate with submarines.The Soviet Union is currently using (planning to build in China) is also an ultra-long wave radio station.

The extremely long-wave radio station, which Li Qiang and Tang Hua are going to watch now, has a main operating frequency of 70 Hz and a backup operating frequency of 45 Hz. At a communication distance of three to five thousand kilometers, it can penetrate 80 to 100 meters of seawater. The state of the submarine's normal underwater concealment and submersion.

……

Jiaxing, somewhere in the suburbs.