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Tang Hua: "The comrades in the satellite team have analyzed the drawings of the Luna-100 satellite, and feel that there are three or four places where the design is not reasonable, but it is still impossible to determine which places will have 4% problems. After all, we have obtained It’s a blueprint, not a satellite entity, so we can’t do a test. However, we can replace all the communication control modules of satellites 5, 6, and [-], and I hope the problem can be solved.”

……

Now that it was determined that China and Vietnam would make a barter trade, the State Planning Commission began to collect materials and commodities that Beiyue wanted to order from China.

Three 6000-kilowatt hydro-turbine generators, marked as small hydropower, Harbin and Changchun can now build 5-kilowatt generating units. There are also ready-made models of such 6000-kilowatt small hydropower units-small hydropower projects are being built in the south.

40 sets and 6 types of machine tools are used to build two small machinery factories and a gun repair factory in Vietnam.

When Tang Hua took a closer look at the statistical data, he found that the number of domestic machine tool manufacturers has reached 10.

Of course, in history, the number of machine tool factories in China reached double digits by the end of the 50s, but the 10 factories that entered the statistical table in this plane are all modern standard machine tool factories with large output, high precision, and good quality. A unique machine tool factory that mainly produces CNC machine tools.

There are three machine tool factories in Shenyang alone: ​​Shenyi Machine, Shen Erji, and Shen Sanji.Shen Yiji is the big brother of machine tools in the country, and now it is gradually shifting its products to focus on the production of CNC machine tools.The Shen Er machine was built with the help of the Czech Republic, which is the Sino-Czech Friendship Factory.Shen Sanji had just been completed and put into production. After Shen Yiji switched to CNC machine tools, Shen Sanji came up to fill the gap of Shen Yiji and continued to produce ordinary machine tools.

There are also three machine tool factories in Shanghai: the last machine was left over from the Republic of China and refurbished and expanded by New China, and it is also producing CNC machine tools.The origin of the second machine is not simple. It was newly built with an optical grinder imported from England in 1955-56 and measuring tools imported from West Germany and Belgium.Shangsanji is a special machine tool factory that produces super-large machine tools and heavy machinery.

Others include a family in Dalian, a family in Jinan, a family in Chongqing, and a family in Wuxi.The Wuxi Machine Tool Factory did not exist in the plans of the Ministry of Heavy Industry or the State Planning Commission before 1954, because it was one of the 26 factories owned by Rong Yiren's family and handed over to the state in 1954.

What is even more exaggerated is that the annual production of 10 modern machine tool factories is completely digested by the whole country. If it were not for the State Planning Commission, when formulating the industrial expansion plan, it would be based on the output of the machine tool factory and the annual planned number of machine tools imported. , There may also be a shortage of machine tools.

"The lathe and planer are produced by Wuxi Machine Tool Factory, and the rest will be arranged by the second machine. Let's gather them in Shanghai before January 59, 1." Tang Hua looked at the production plans of each factory. Among the task lists of the two factories.

"We imported more than 58 machine tools from the Soviet Union in 1100, and now we are exporting 40 machine tools to Vietnam. There are imports and exports, which is really troublesome." Zhang Xi said.

Tang Hua: "This is a normal phenomenon in international trade. Don't be surprised... Moreover, some of the machine tools we export to Vietnam do not have similar products in the Soviet Union."

Tang Hua is not talking about CNC machine tools. The machine tools for Vietnam are all traditional electromechanical + manual control.

The machine tools exported to Vietnam include 6 "light portable machine tools" made by the second machine. Of course, the meaning of portability is that it can be completely disassembled from the workshop within half an hour, thrown on a 4-ton medium-sized truck, and pulled. Run away.It takes more than half an hour to unload the car and install it in a new place. If the new place has electricity and raw materials, production can continue after a while.

Speaking of power, the light portable machine consumes just as much power as a Jeep's on-board generator can provide.

This was a brainstorm that came up when Tang Hua was chatting with the old Eighth Road cadres of the Ministry of Heavy Industry.It is suitable for the script of the arsenal in the anti-Japanese base area, and it is also suitable for the small and medium-sized enterprises in the second, third and fourth tier cities under planning.Of course it is also suitable for use in Vietnam.

Now there are no Japs who can drive the PLA to hide in the mountains, but the portable machine tool is still useful in the worst case.

Just in July of this year, the General Staff conducted a full-scale nuclear war game: the United States threw out all its nuclear weapons, and China and the Soviet Union each ate half of the nuclear warheads.In fact, the United States should have lost most of its nuclear warheads to the Soviet Union. It would be considered very respectful of China if it could lose a quarter of its nuclear warheads to China, but the General Staff made the worst assumption.

This will hit China's big cities hard, but small and medium cities may not be able to get the atomic bomb.For example, Shenyang, Anshan, and Benxi will receive nuclear bombs, but Tieling may not be certain, and Zhangwu will almost certainly not suffer a nuclear attack.

Moreover, most of the nuclear warheads in the United States are now dropped by bombers. He may bomb first-tier cities on the first day and second-tier cities on the second day.If some factories use portable machine tools, then the equipment of some factories in the second-tier cities can be dismantled overnight to the fifth-, sixth-, and seventh-tier cities.

……

Wuhan.

"The central government has considered several places for the location of the second automobile manufacturing plant, and Wuhan is just one of them."

"What is the biggest shortcoming of Wuhan? It may be dropped by American bombers. Here, within the combat radius of Okinawa's bombers, the Yangtze River and lakes in Wuhan have special shapes, so they can be easily positioned as landmarks, and then precisely bombed some of our places." a place."

Song Caifu, the first secretary of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee, was giving a mobilization speech for the construction of the Second Automobile Works.

"The disadvantage is that we will be bombed, so what are the advantages? The advantage is that we are in Wuhan, a thoroughfare to nine provinces, with convenient transportation and a large number of talents. Building an automobile manufacturing plant in Wuhan can maximize production efficiency, increase production and reduce costs."

"Improving efficiency is not just when the automobile factory starts construction. From the start of the construction of the Second Automobile Plant, we must focus on efficiency," Song Qiafu said, "Completing the construction tasks on time, ensuring quality and quantity, and rationally planning the use of manpower. The government has to do it."

The construction of Wuhan No. 1958 Automobile Works started in February 2. In the past 8 months, the first phase - site selection and traffic laying - was completed, and the high-intensity factory infrastructure construction will begin soon. This is a stage that requires a lot of manpower. At this stage, the Wuhan Municipal Government and the Fourth Engineering Bureau also began to cooperate closely at this stage.

"The current production capacity of FAW is to produce 4 trucks per year. The construction goals of the first and second phases of the Second Automobile Works are two production lines: one production line produces 4 trucks per year, and the other produces 5 jeeps. .” Guo Li, the deputy director of Changchun FAW, introduced the basic plan of FAW to the leaders of Wuhan.

"That is to say, after the Second Automobile Works is completed, it will reach an annual output of 365 vehicles. What does this mean? 160 days a year, more than 8 vehicles will be driven out of the factory every day. Working 3 hours a day, there will be one every [-] minutes. Cars are produced."

"The automobile factory is a typical representative of modern large-scale assembly line industry. A factory is a precise machine. When it is running, there must be no errors, otherwise the continuity of production will be interrupted."

Song Qifu: "It may be a bit early to say, but we want to know, after the first and second phases of the automobile factory are put into production, what is the total number of employees in the factory."

Guo Li: "The total number of employees in the headquarters of the Second Automobile Works Group is 45000. ... Yes, it is a little less than that of the First Automobile Works. There are also some branch factories, most of which are in Hubei, and some are in Hunan and Henan. How many people are there in these factories? There are few, and we can’t fully determine it yet, but we will gradually find out in the next year or two.”

……

The combat radius of the bomber that Song Kefu said in his speech is actually outdated. This is the circle drawn in the early 50s based on the B-29's combat radius with bombs.Later, everyone knew the range of the B-36 and B-52. In fact, there was no problem of hiding from bombers.

Tang Hua's principle for choosing a site for heavy industry is: as long as the Air Force's fighter jets and anti-aircraft missiles can support it, it's fine to put it in Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta. The region has indeed grown wildly.

This brought about another big change: In the past, a large number of factories and colleges that moved inland for national defense and security were greatly reduced. Shanghai Jiaotong University moved to Xi’an as a whole in 1957 and became Xi’an Jiaotong University. thing.

Only from 1956 to 1958, a comprehensive university based on science and engineering was built in Xi'an by the counterpart of Shanghai Jiaotong University. It was still called Xi'an Jiaotong University, but the main body of Shanghai Jiaotong University was still in Shanghai, and only about one-third of the teachers passed away.

"At the end of 45, I just came back from the United States. During the few months I lived in Shanghai, I often went to Shanghai Jiaotong University, mainly for the library. The library of Jiaotong University is too rich in books and materials."

"Of course, I have to thank the guards who handed in. They work very casually. No matter who they are, as long as they don't hold guns and knives, they will let you in. So Xijiao should also inherit this good tradition. The guards are a little incompetent. Let ordinary people from outside also enter the campus to have a look, go to the library to read books, and even if it does not affect the teaching, they should be allowed to sit in."

The students and teachers in the audience laughed.

It took two years to build a campus of a university. It was a bit stressful. From 1956 to 1958, it was still not possible to start school on time on September 9, and it was postponed to October 1.Tang Hua arrived in Xi'an at the end of October, and the first class of students of Xi'an Jiaotong University had just started school.

"Most of the teachers here are from Shanghai Jiaotong University, but the freshmen here may be relatively unfamiliar with Shanghai Jiaotong University. Shanghai Jiaotong University has a 'Jiaotong University Spirit', which is to benefit the country... Wrong, the Jiaotong University spirit is three, seek truth and be pragmatic The scientific spirit, the patriotic spirit of saving and rejuvenating the country, and the innovative spirit of daring to be the first.”

"The principal just told me that Xi'an Jiaotong University also has the 'Xi'an Jiaotong Spirit', which consists of four items. In addition to the three items of the Jiaotong University spirit, a fourth item is added: the spirit of moving to the west."

"More than 1000 years ago, Xi'an was the central city of China, and even the central city of the world. However, since modern times, Xi'an has gradually become marginalized, and there are few modern factories and enterprises. Among the provincial capital cities in the country, it is industrialized.

difficult households.It is also a typical microcosm of cities in the western region.”

"What the state plans to build in Xi'an is not an ordinary factory, but a core enterprise of aviation and aerospace, which will also drive Xi'an's electronics, communications, electrical machinery, special equipment, heavy equipment manufacturing and other industries. One third of Jiaotong University The talents moved westward, and a new Jiaotong University was established in Xi'an, laying a higher education foundation for the development of western industry."

"Inheriting the fine style of study and teaching, carrying forward the character of hard work, and sharing the same fate with the country, nation and people, this is the core of the Westward Spirit."

……

"Old Duan, your XAC's first Tu-16 was assembled a little too quickly."

When Tang Hua came to Xi'an, the main task of course was not to pour chicken soup to the students of Xi'an Jiaotong University, but to see how Xifei could assemble the first Tu-16 so quickly.

XAC moved from Harbin to Xi'an due to the adjustment of the aviation industry. In less than four years, XAC reported in September that the first Tu-4 they assembled with Soviet parts was almost ready.

How fast is this?According to XAC's construction plan, the airport and runway used by XAC's factory workshop were completed on November 1958, 11. This Tu-20 was assembled and shipped immediately, but there is no runway for it to fly. It is destined to be a Floor machine.

Duan Zhijun: "I know that Xifei's runway is not built as fast as our aircraft, but the Tu-16 is not going to fly right away, and we can leave a month to do the most detailed inspections in the workshop and on the apron. The ground started the engine for a test."

"Whether the aircraft is built well or not can be known by looking at the records of the production process. The delivery time of XAC's first assembled aircraft is not the key node, but the localization date of the four major systems is the key to the project, and the engine ranks first. "Tang Hua said, "However, since we are here...let's go to the workshop to see the first Tu-16 assembled by you."

Chapter 196, American Lunar Exploration Rockets

中国空军的图-4和伊尔-28都是直接进口的，国内没打算仿制，不过为叫起来方便，还是分别给了轰-4和轰-5的编号。仿制和组装的图-16编号是轰-6。

However, the Tu-16 in the workshop, well, it has evolved into the H-6D in one step, and the Soviet model is called Tu-16K-10.

In 1954, when the initial model of Tu-16 was delivered to the Soviet Air Force, Tupolev began to design Tu-16K-10. The head navigator window was changed to a large airborne radar, and the magazine in the middle of the fuselage was redesigned. The standard configuration is 6 The pylon of the rotary cruise missile/guided bomb can also be removed and replaced with a pylon for hanging a hydrogen bomb.