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Tang Hua asked the backbone of the Lanzhou branch.
Peng Shilu: "This shows that our office will not only be a nuclear submarine in the future, but also a nuclear-powered surface ship?"
Tang Hua nodded: "The nuclear power scheme for surface ships is also a direction to consider, and there are also civilian nuclear-powered special ships. In addition, if we start civil nuclear power projects, nuclear power technology will also be controlled by your office before industrialization and scale. Take charge."
After the nuclear power technology is mature and industrialized and mass-produced, civilian nuclear power will probably be handed over to the Ministry of Energy for management.
Xia Tong: "Is the attack nuclear submarine we are doing mainly to accumulate technology for ballistic missile nuclear submarines?"
Tang Hua: "Part of the technology on ballistic missile nuclear submarines relies on the construction of attack nuclear submarines for verification. However, attack nuclear submarines are also the main combat equipment of the navy. In the future, they will continue to be developed and updated, and the technical and tactical indicators will also be improved from generation to generation."
"However, ballistic missile nuclear submarines are indeed something beyond the scope of naval equipment. They are part of the country's strategic nuclear deterrence. In the future, it is even possible that most of our country's strategic nuclear warheads will be carried and launched by nuclear submarines."
Yu Xiaohong: "Nuclear submarines can covertly sail, cross the Pacific Ocean quickly, and drop dozens of nuclear warheads on the enemy's head at once, which is very powerful."
Tang Hua: "The second-generation or third-generation ballistic missile nuclear submarines may stay in the western Pacific Ocean, and launch submarine-launched missiles that can attack the mainland of the United States. . . . The main mission of attack nuclear submarines."
It is really not sure where the future combat readiness cruising area of the ballistic missile nuclear submarine will be.
The South China Sea area is actually not ideal as a combat readiness cruise area. Launching submarine-launched missiles from the Xisha waters, to attack major cities in the United States, the missiles have to fly about 14000 kilometers.
Now there is a slightly better combat readiness cruise area than the South China Sea: the Taiwan Strait.This strait is closed, safe, and deep enough.To hit the United States from here, the missile range needs to be 13000 kilometers.
The third is the Yellow Sea waters, which are jointly guarded by China’s Shandong Peninsula and the territory of North Korea. The missile range only needs to be 12000 kilometers. The disadvantage is that the water is not too deep, and it may be broken into by South Korea and the US Navy.
For the land-based ballistic missile silos deployed in Northeast China, the missiles only need to fly 11000 kilometers.
In comparison, the geographical location of the Soviet Union is very suitable for attacking the United States. The land-based ballistic missile silo only needs a range of 9000 kilometers to cover most of the United States. This silo is still located in the relatively deep inland hinterland of the Soviet Union.
If it is a ballistic missile nuclear submarine, the Soviet Union only needs to fly 7400 kilometers to launch missiles from the Arctic Ocean fortress area.
But China's geographical location is like this, it is a bit far away from the United States.For the time being, let's design nuclear submarines and submarine-launched missiles with the Taiwan Strait as the combat readiness cruising area.
……
"Minister Tang, when we were studying in the Soviet Union, Soviet professors told us about various forms of nuclear submarine reactors, some of which were design concepts, and some Soviet professors seemed to imply that they were already doing research. Whether we want the next generation of reactors or not How about going side by side?"
Zhao Renkai asked a question.
Tang Hua: "The Soviet professor hinted that the reactor that is already being built is a liquid metal cooling reactor."
"Yes."
"Liquid metal reactors are the second choice for nuclear submarine reactors," Tang Hua said. "Compared with pressurized water reactors, they have some advantages and disadvantages. Liquid metal reactors are small in size and high in power density, but when an accident occurs, the reactor core The liquid metal in the primary circuit, such as sodium, will burn violently when it encounters moisture or impurities in the environment, and the nuclear submarine reactor will become a big bomb."
"I also feel that the safety of PWRs is more reliable," Yu Xiaohong said, "I have seen sodium in liquid metal piles. When a small piece of sodium is thrown into the water, it immediately crackles and explodes, releasing a lot of hydrogen gas. , if there is an open flame, it will explode. So I feel that there is water in the pressurized water reactor, and the ocean environment is also water, and the two are relatively close.”
Although Yu Xiaohong's words were a bit metaphysical, the people present seemed to think it made sense after hearing it.
Tang Hua: "These new-concept reactors, pressurized water reactors, boiling water reactors, liquid metal reactors, and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, each have their own uses. For example, liquid metal reactors can be used as power alternatives for nuclear submarines, and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors may be used in nuclear submarines. Small nuclear power is relatively promising, and we will focus on improving pressurized water reactors in the future, but we will not give up research on these new concept reactors.”
……
In the original historical plane, China proposed the development of nuclear submarines in 1958, but soon encountered difficulties for three years. The nuclear submarines were temporarily dismantled, and it was already in the 60s that they were restarted.
Now the nuclear submarine project has not been dismantled temporarily, but was pre-approved in 1955, officially launched in 1958, and something can be seen in 1961.
However, China is still a latecomer in the field of nuclear power, and the Soviet Union and the United States have already taken the lead.
At the Boston Naval Shipyard on the east coast of the United States, a huge cruiser ended its trial voyage in the Caribbean Sea and slowly entered the harbor.
When the nuclear-powered missile cruiser "Long Beach" started in 1957, it was estimated that the construction cost was 8700 million US dollars. The cost of the Eagle class aircraft carrier is still high.
But there is no way to overrun the project. So much money has been invested in the past, and tens of millions more may be able to produce results.Add tens of millions more and maybe it will produce results. ...
This cruiser known for its ugly appearance has a total length of 219 meters and a full load displacement of 17000 tons. The square bridge looks like a big iron box, which looks top-heavy-but it is actually quite stable, and the inside of the big iron box is basically empty. Yes, not much weight.
This large iron box is the unique equipment that the U.S. Navy has studied for many years, and it is also the main reason why the U.S. Navy gritted its teeth and invested 3 million U.S. dollars to build the "Long Beach":
There are 4 fixed antennas of AN/SPS-33 phased array radar on it, with MK-152 digital fire control computer.The U.S. Navy believes that China may have advanced fire control computers, but the radar system "Long Beach" should lead the world.
In addition to the radar, the "Long Beach" is equipped with two double-mounted "Beagle" medium-range ship-to-air missile launchers with 120 bombs, and a double-mounted "Brass Knight" long-range ship-to-air missile with 46 bombs .There are also 8 anti-ship missiles.
As for the cannon?No.
It is even more exaggerated than the "Jiangsu", which has at least one single-barreled 1mm gun installed.
……
"In this test voyage, the 'Long Beach' nuclear power plant operated continuously for 14 days without stopping due to failure; the output power of the nuclear power plant ranged from 5000 to 88000 horsepower, and the highest output power of 88000 horsepower was overheating power, which lasted for a total of 35 minutes; overheating The speed is 32.1 knots, and the speed is 80000 knots when the standard output is 30.2 horsepower."
"We expect that with one or two more shipyard trials, the Long Beach will be ready for military acceptance."
Colonel Winston, assigned by the U.S. Naval Shipbuilding Bureau to the shipyard, flipped through the report of the sea trial.Next to him, the chief engineer of the Boston Navy Yard briefly introduced the progress of the trial.
"The sea trial basically went smoothly, and you did a good job," Winston said. "Although it is a bit behind, you built it on schedule and with guaranteed quality."
Chief Engineer: "What, a little behind?"
Winston shook his head, took out a photo from his briefcase in great pain, and threw it to the chief engineer, "Last month, the captain of a Canadian freighter took a photo in Shanghai."
……
The lead ship of the Type 59 cruiser "Jiangsu" was outfitted at the wharf of the Jiangnan Shipyard. The Jiangnan Shipyard is located in the urban area of Shanghai. You can always see the shadow of this huge ship with a length of 180 meters.
Shanghai sailors and citizens who often take the ferry have become accustomed to this. Everyone excitedly pointed at the ship as it passed the Jiangnan Shipyard area, but no one wanted to take a picture of the warship with a camera.
Until April 1961, there was finally a 4-ton bulk carrier driven by a Canadian. The captain secretly took a group of photos of the Jiangnan Shipyard in the cockpit, and brought them back to China in May. Only then did I learn of the existence of Chinese cruisers.
"What is this? The Chinese are building a Japanese-style cruiser?"
Chapter 49, Cruisers of the US, Soviet Union, China and Britain
"According to the comparison of the size of the background object, and then substituting it into the shooting angle to correct... The Chinese cruiser is 180 to 190 meters long and has a flat deck."
"Two chimneys, the shape of the rear chimney is very familiar, the chimney of the Soviet Kotlin class or the Chinese Jiangnan class destroyer, there is no doubt that the Chinese cruiser uses the same power plant."
"Hey, the Chinese version of Kotlin is called the Jiangnan class. The large destroyer that appeared last year is called the Jiangnan II class. Are you planning to call this cruiser the Jiangnan class?"
The CIA and the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence jointly analyzed the photos of the "Jiangsu" ship taken by the Canadian cargo ship. CIA Naval Commissioner Von Stadt was unhappy with the lazy nomenclature of the Office of Naval Intelligence.
"Uh...cruiser..." Lieutenant Colonel Wade of the Naval Intelligence Bureau scratched his head, "We need to think about what it should be called."
Since they don't know anything about the nomenclature of warships in China, the Naval Intelligence Bureau used the place name here to name the Chinese warship where the new Chinese warship was first photographed.
The problem is that from the assembled Type 56, the domestically modified Type 56 to the Type 58 destroyer, all are the first ships built by Jiangnan Shipyard, which makes the U.S. Naval Intelligence Office scratching its head.Fortunately, the cruiser was also born from the Jiangnan Shipyard.
Von Stadt: "Let's call it 'Cruiser X' first."
Wade: "You are welcome. There is a main gun on the front deck of the cruiser X, which is obviously a single-barreled 100mm gun. A slightly raised structure appears behind the main gun. This layer of high structure continues from behind the main gun to the The stern of the ship. As a result, a platform is formed behind the main gun and the rear of the ship, and the area is not small."