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Chapter 7, Area Denial and Anti-Access

"The location of the ship model test pool is here. It is different from the pool in Leningrad, because the water supply capacity of the Shanghai Waterworks is very tight now, so we plan to build a small water purification plant next to the pool for the ship model test Pool facilities."

Tang Hua, Cheng Wang and Boris, an expert in Soviet architecture, were pointing to an open space by the Huangpu River.

There used to be three or five thatched huts of poor families on this land, but the Shanghai Municipal Government had moved it away half a year ago, and manpower was used to level the land.

Boris looked at the place where Cheng Wang pointed, "The land area is large enough. After reading your drawings, does the sedimentation tank of the water purification plant need such a large area?"

Cheng Wang: "While building the ship model test pool, we also need to build some buildings around it. In fact, this is the new address of the Shanghai Ship Design Institute. After the building is built, the design office will be relocated in two or three years. Here. In addition, the direct distance from here to Jiangnan Shipyard is less than 1 kilometer, and there will be auxiliary facilities of Jiangnan Shipyard extending in this direction in the future. At that time, part of the demand for purifying tap water can be solved by itself.”

In order to ensure that the sailing performance of the ship is as consistent as possible with the design index, it is necessary to carry out various model tests in the towing tank.

The ship model test tank is a rectangular "water tank". The scaled model is placed in the tank, the ship model is towed with a trailer at a constant speed, and the resistance encountered by the ship model is measured with a resistance meter. This is the resistance test.The resistance of the scaled ship model is converted into the actual ship resistance at a certain speed according to Froude's law.

However, the Huangpu River water cannot be directly used in the ship model test pool, as it is not clean.The river water in the rainy season is a yellow soup. Even though the Huangpu River seems to be a season of green water, there are dirty things in it.Cameras and video cameras must be arranged in the towing pool to observe and photograph streamlines and record the flow state, and measure the wave-making of the ship model to calculate the wave-making resistance.

In the future, torpedo and submarine tests will be conducted in the ship model test pool, so there will be more photographing and measuring instruments deployed underwater.So the water in the pool must be very transparent.

Now there is no concept of "reclaimed water", so just build a waterworks.

Tang Hua: "We plan to build two 120-meter ship model test pools, one here in Shanghai and the other at Dalian Institute of Technology. Shanghai will be built first, but the pool at Dalian Institute of Technology will start construction in a few months. Boris Sir, you may need to check the construction of the two pools."

Boris nodded, "Of course this is my task. However, the progress of the project you requested seems to be very urgent. As far as I know, the first batch of frigates, submarine hunters, and minesweepers you built were all copied Soviet models. It is enough to build it from blueprints. The same will be true for future submarines, which do not need a model test tank....Of course, it seems that this is the case everywhere in China now, and it is developing at an explosive speed.”

Tang Hua and Cheng Wang looked at each other, just smiled, and did not respond to Boris' words.

Boris is right, China is now a construction site, from the northeast to Guangdong and Guangxi, from the east to the west, everywhere is under rapid construction.

And the construction speed of the navy and shipbuilding industry is more urgent than other projects, after all, the chairman personally instructed.If it can be faster, it must be faster.

Cheng Wang may not have guessed another reason, only Tang Hua knew it.

The ship model test pool was the most frequently used in the first few years. After seven or eight years, computer software and hardware improved rapidly, simulation and fluid calculation became smoother, and the role of the ship model in the pool would be reduced. Later, there was only one When a new line is designed, it is necessary to build a model to go to the pool for towing and testing. If you are designing a known ship shape, from design to final ship construction, you only need to run the test pool once, and use a computer to solve the rest. .

The data basis of computer simulation should also be accumulated with the original data of the ship model test tank.

……

Shanghai, the former Naval Command of the East China Military Region.

"Hello, Commander Xiao."

Dun Xingyun, Commander of the PLA Naval Aviation Department, came to see Xiao Jinguang.

Xiao Jinguang: "Xiao Dun, the Taiwan Campaign HNA First Division is absent."

Dun Xingyun was extremely wronged: "Commander Xiao, in March 53 we already had two fighter regiments that had mastered maritime navigation, positioning and combat capabilities, as well as complex weather combat capabilities, but the Military Commission did not allow us to participate in the battle."

Naval aviation is now in the process of being conceived. The first division of HNA has just formed an army, and the second division of HNA is being formed.

HNA is affirmed as an independent military branch, and it is scheduled to hold an inauguration ceremony in Beijing in September this year.

Before the Taiwan War, the Military Commission and the General Front Committee did not fail to consider the First Division of HNA when mobilizing troops to participate in the war, but they finally rejected it.The reason is that apart from the fact that only two regiments of the HNA First Division are capable of fighting, the other reason is that the HNA First Division is currently equipped with La-2.

On the opposite side, Chiang Kai-shek's air force basically does not use P-51 air combat.

Xiao Jinguang: "Well, I also know that your current training is qualified. The main problem is that the planes are too poor. The jet fighters imported from the Soviet Union are given priority to equip the Air Force. Fortunately, a meeting on naval equipment will be held in two days. You It is hoped that the aircraft will be able to solve the problem."

"Most of the troops of the First Division of HNA came from the army, with a low level of education. Nearly half of the division was illiterate. When it was established in January 52, the quality of training for the initial troops was very poor." Dun Xingyun said, " So we carried out cultural learning activities in the whole division, spending nearly 1% of the training time to organize officers and soldiers to study culture, starting from literacy, and gradually transferred to regular Chinese and arithmetic learning.... After a year of assault, now the whole division 50% of the personnel can pass the exam equivalent to the mathematics, physics and chemistry level of middle school, and many of them have leaped from illiterate and semi-literate to middle school education. Now the first division of HNA has no problem in mastering modern weapons and equipment."

The tutoring culture is aimed at the ground crew of the first division of HNA.It's terrible to repair an airplane without education. If you mess up a part, the airplane may break down after flying into the sky.

It is also a huge difficulty for pilots to switch to Hainan Airlines and from flying over land to flying at sea.Pilots from the Air Force are not very used to flying at sea, mainly because they feel that flying at sea is difficult to distinguish between the sky and the sea, and they are prone to illusions; there are no obvious landmarks, and they are easy to get lost.

Therefore, in this era, HNA pilots have a large proportion of instrument flying.

When flying over land, you can look at the landmarks on the ground for positioning, but at sea, you can only rely on radio direction finding for navigation.Over land, you can also measure the altitude by visually measuring the approximate distance from the ground. When flying over the sea, you must look at the altimeter, and the eyes are unreliable.

Another problem in the training of the first division of HNA is that there is no accumulation of experience.

Of course, the Air Force has no practical experience, and in order to prepare for the Taiwan War, the six fighter pilots conducted sea-air flight and sea-air combat training together. By the time of the Taiwan War, they were basically able to fight at sea.The reason is that these fighter pilots have completed a full set of combat training before, from interception to air control, from small formation air combat to large formation air combat. There are also many pilots who have shot down records in the sky over North Korea. Time to learn to fly over the ocean.

……

7 month 12 day.

Naval Development and Ship Industry System Adjustment Working Conference.

"Commander Xiao, Deputy Commander Luo." Tang Hua then saw Dun Xingyun again, "Commander Dun."

Xiao Jinguang: "There are enough leaders from the industrial sector this time."

Tang Hua: "I went back to Beijing and thought about it. Your naval equipment is not only related to the shipbuilding industry, so I temporarily recruited Director Duan Zhijun from the Bureau of Aviation Industry. Director Liu of the General Administration of Ordnance Industry is always busy, but this time Deputy Director Zhang Lingzhi is here. Then I also brought the stuff from the Bureau of Electronics and Information Industry."

Modern naval equipment is related to almost all industrial categories, and it is basically related to the Industrial Bureau and the Ministry of Industry.Some industries may not have a relationship with the Navy yet, but 10 years from now, if there is another naval equipment meeting, people from the aerospace department and the nuclear industry department will definitely have to attend the meeting.

"The chairman instructed at the Navy's summary meeting," Xiao Jinguang said, "to build a strong navy is not only for the needs of defending the motherland's territory, but also for defending the motherland's oceans. The chairman also said that in the next period of time, the shipbuilding industry should be vigorously developed. , to vigorously build ships and establish a 'maritime railway', in the next few years, we must have the conditions to build a strong maritime combat force."

"After the end of the Korean War and the Taiwan War, we realized that the biggest threat to our country in the future will come from the sea. The actions of the Americans have also sounded the alarm for us. The imperialists still do not forget the gunboat policy and regard the navy as a The big stick is waved on our heads. Our navy has just been established for four years, and now the task is to defend not only the territory of the motherland, but also the oceans of the motherland. The burden on us is very heavy."

"The chairman's instruction is to let our navy have a more proactive posture and combat spirit, and not limit the navy's mission to resisting landings. So the navy's current preliminary concept is to maintain the presence of forces in the Yellow Sea area, and the enemy's large fleet appears in the Yellow Sea , we will be ready for combat interception;"

"In the East China Sea, the navy's tentacles must reach the Tsushima Strait and near Okinawa. If the enemy's warships and aircraft attack us, then we can obtain a buffer and combat depth of 800 to 1000 kilometers;"

"In the South China Sea, the navy's focus is to monitor the US naval base in Subic Bay, and the navy's interception combat space is the 800-kilometer combat depth from the north of the Paracel Islands and Zhongsha Islands to Guangzhou."

"In the waters off Taiwan, the navy intends to use this as a breakthrough point, and use part of its forces to move forward from here to conduct external operations."

"Based on such combat missions, how to develop naval equipment, how to complete systematization, and improve combat capabilities are the main issues discussed at today's meeting."

Xiao Jinguang started by talking about the navy's current basic strategic concept.

Under the chairman's instruction, the navy's strategy has indeed undergone some changes. It has expanded from near-shore operations to a circle. Although it will take several years to achieve this, after all, a goal has been established.Among them, the concept of Taiwan's external operations is particularly fresh.

"The future strategy of the navy that Commander Xiao talked about has a strong spirit of active defense," Tang Hua continued after Xiao Jinguang finished speaking, "I heard that the Air Force has put forward the slogan of 'both offensive and defensive' as a key to future air force construction. The basic policy. Now I think the Navy can also extract such a sentence from Commander Xiao’s words.”

Tang Hua found a chalk tip and wrote three words on the blackboard behind:

anti access

"Anti-intervention. Around China, when a strong enemy launches an attack on our sea and land, the navy's ships and aircraft will carry out denial operations at a relatively long distance, with the ocean as the depth, precision-guided weapons and information platforms as the core. The main operational reliance is to allow the enemy to receive a devastating blow before approaching our coastline."

Xiao Jinguang: "Eh... Minister Tang summed it up in three words very interesting..."